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MLA Style: MLA Handbook

MLA Handbook

What's New in the 9th edition

  • expanded, in-depth guidance on how to use the MLA template of core elements to create works-cited-list entries that shows what each core element is, where to find it, and how to style it (MLA 8th has 146 pages, and the MLA 9th has 367 pages, significantly more content)
  • clarification that element names are not always literal and can apply to a range of situations (e.g., the Publisher element can refer to the publisher of a book or a sponsoring organization like the theater company that put on a play)
  • a new, easy-to-follow explanation of in-text citations
  • a new chapter containing recommendations for using inclusive language
  • a new appendix with hundreds of sample works-cited-list entries listed by publication format, including books, databases, websites, YouTube videos, interviews, and more
  • updated guidelines on avoiding plagiarism
  • a new chapter on formatting a research paper
  • new, expanded guidelines on spelling, punctuation, capitalization, and more
  • a new chapter on using notes in MLA style

MLA Style Center Webpage

Modern Language Association

Documentation Remains a Core Academic Principle

The 9th edition continues a new approach that began with the 8th edition, to thinking about MLA Style, one centered not on a source's publication format but rather on the elements common most sources and on the means of flexibly combining those elements to create appropriate documentation for any source.